The Muscle The muscular system is the engine of the body. Each muscle is composed of a number of functional units ( myofibrils), grouped together in bundles and wrapped in a membrana.I various bundles that make up a muscle tendon in the end, rigid and strong with the task of transmitting the movement to the skeletal segments involved. The muscles have characteristics of elasticity and contractility, which vary from muscle to muscle and from person to person.
The work is due to muscle oxygen consumption (aerobic ) when this fails due to a prolonged or intense stress, through an alternative mechanism ( anaerobic work), which produces lactic acid and muscle fatigue . In these cases a good deep massage, slow and draining almost always solves the problem. In this case it is also suitable rest and warm baths.
Muscle Pain Muscle pain may be due to fatigue or insufficient blood supply (too narrow tube socks, shoes and boots not fit, etc.).. Rest, proper training, the use of suitable sports facilities, prevent pain.
muscle injuries can be divided into two categories:
- Trauma without anatomic lesions, due to the mere passing of the normal physiological properties of muscle, occurs with numbness, twitching, cramps, stretching
- trauma with anatomical lesions, where there is a tear, rupture or severe contusion
The basic rules to be applied in all cases of muscle trauma are:
- not in any way damage the healing process
- do everything they can to encourage
- a healing took place, groped to the injured tissue to restore the quality of the original tissue
The emergency treatment always be summed up in the following information:
- Immobilization
- restraints
- Elevation
aching
The muscle aches to the touch. The reaction appears 24-48 hours after exercise, worse with the stretching of the muscle at rest and disappears
therapy consists of application of heat (infrared, paraffin, mud, hot tub, sauna) and massage into soft, deep, performed with the leg in drain for the drainage of venous
cramp
It 's the painful contraction, intense and involuntary muscle shortening up.
The urgent action is smooth and powerful in a stretching of the muscle concerned and give the athlete the antagonist muscles to contract intensely, and manually compressing the muscle concerned. Immediately after you run the relaxation of muscle vibration and is heated by friction deep.
therapy continues thereafter on applications of heat, massage and circulatory relaxant, rest for 24-48 hours. To prevent relapses protect the athlete from the cold with suits and massage with oil camphorated before training or competition and avoid fatigue during exercise
Contracture
The muscle is aching to break, if it is stretched and, above all, the contraction against resistance. The work has resulted in excessive accumulation of lactic acid in muscle fibers resulting in pain on palpation and ipercontrattura. Be careful because in some cases, the contracture can hide a stretch or slight tear of the muscle!
therapy consists of application of heat, massage in the region adjacent to the pain, gentle passive and active mobilization, rest for 2-4 days
Stretch
Due to a sudden and abrupt elongation is exceeded the normal physiological limits of elasticity and muscle pain occurs, and live a modest functional impairment. The athlete is able to complete the effort with a slower pace. The pain occurs at rest and disappears again with simple or active mobilization against resistance, not with passive motion. In the absence of treatment and rest, may evolve into tears.
Treatment consists in the first two days, rest, ice, soft restraints. Following IR, mud, paraffin, hot baths, laser, massage relaxant ointment revulsive soft, safe stretching and gradual, progressive isometric exercises.
Tear It has different levels of severity:
stretch, tear and partial rupture
In just a few myofibril stretch is broken, there is payment and a hematoma that emerges later. The pain appears to decrease and palpation. In
tear all the symptoms are more pronounced for the involvement of a greater number of muscle fibers. In part
partial rupture of the muscle is torn and you may also have to proceed with surgical suture inside.
Immediately after the incident:
not massage! Soft restraints and rest with the limb unloading. Ice. Laser after 2 or 3 days after
10 15 days:
Thermotherapy. Especially light massage to muscle insertions.
After 3 4 weeks:
When the pain has disappeared completely, defibrosante massage the scar area. Then, muscle strengthening, and gradual resumption of
Break All the muscle fibers are torn and the leaders are moving away from them. The pain is severe and there is total functional impairment. With the limb in the exhaust, the athlete must be included in the emergency department of orthopedic surgery for a torn muscle suture of the leaders. Subsequent therapy is similar to that of the tear, with longer healing times.
Tendonitis
Tendinitis is the inflammation of the tendon, the fibrous tissue that connects the hard and strong muscles to bones. May be due to excessive muscle strain, repeated microtrauma or wear due to repetitive movements over time (tennis elbow). Inflammation of the tendon often causes pain to muscle contracture resulting analgesic. The muscle and tendon to be rested and should not be massaged until there is inflammation. The local ice promotes healing. TENS also accelerates the healing process. Once resolved the inflammation you can proceed with the massage of the muscle, slow, deep and relaxant.
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